Planning permission and building regulations are two distinct processes that govern different aspects of construction and development in the UK. Here's a breakdown of their differences:
1. Purpose:
- Planning Permission:
Planning permission is required to determine whether a proposed development is acceptable in principle and complies with local planning policies and regulations. It assesses the impact of the development on the surrounding area, considering factors such as aesthetics, environment, and infrastructure.
- Building Regulations:
Building regulations focus on ensuring that the construction work meets specific safety, health, sustainability, and accessibility standards. They set out the technical requirements that buildings must adhere to, covering aspects such as structural stability, fire safety, ventilation, insulation, and energy efficiency.
2. Authority:
- Planning Permission:
Planning permission is granted by the local planning authority (LPA), typically the city council or borough council. The LPA considers planning applications based on national and local planning policies, consultation responses, and other relevant factors.
- Building Regulations:
Building regulations are enforced by the local building control authority, which may be the same as the LPA or a separate entity. Building control officers review construction plans, conduct inspections during the construction process, and issue approvals or certificates of compliance.
3. Scope:
- Planning Permission:
Planning permission covers the external appearance, land use, and broader impact of the proposed development. It evaluates factors such as the size, scale, design, and purpose of the development, as well as its impact on the environment and local infrastructure.
- Building Regulations:
Building regulations focus on the technical aspects of construction, ensuring that buildings are safe, sustainable, and habitable. They apply to the structural integrity of the building, fire safety measures, accessibility features, energy efficiency standards, and the quality of materials and workmanship.
4. Submission Requirements:
- Planning Permission:
To obtain planning permission, applicants must submit detailed planning applications, including architectural drawings, site plans, design statements, and other relevant documents.
The application process involves public consultation, site visits, and a decision by the planning authority.
- Building Regulations:
Building regulation approval requires the submission of detailed construction plans, specifications, and calculations, demonstrating compliance with the relevant regulations. Applicants may need to provide structural drawings, drainage plans, energy assessments, and other technical documents.
5. Timing:
- Planning Permission:
Planning permission must be obtained before commencing any development work. The application process can vary in duration, depending on factors such as the complexity of the proposal, consultation requirements, and the workload of the planning authority.
- Building Regulations:
Building regulation approval is typically sought during the detailed design stage of a project, before construction begins. The approval process may involve several stages, including plan checks, site inspections, and final certification.
In summary, while planning permission focuses on the suitability and impact of a proposed development, building regulations ensure that the construction work meets essential safety and quality standards. Both processes are essential for obtaining legal approval and ensuring that developments are built to the required standards.